Diamond tool material species classification

Diamond tool material is divided into single-crystal diamond (there are two kinds of natural and man-made, natural single crystal diamond expensive part is single crystal synthetic diamond substitute), synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and synthetic polycrystalline diamond and carbide composite blade (PCD / CC) and CVD diamond.Single crystal diamondSingle crystal diamond cutting tool must be used for large particles (mass greater than 0.1g, the best path length not less than 3mm), mainly used in surface roughness, geometry, high precision and dimensional accuracy requirements of precision and ultra precision machining applications fields. Natural diamond single crystal diamond is the most wear-resistant material. Fine texture of its own, after fine grinding, cutting edge edge edge radius as small as 0.008 ~ 0.005μm. But more brittle natural single crystal diamond, the crystal anisotropy, different surfaces or in the same plane of the crystal in different directions were different hardness, during grinding and use must choose the right direction. The use of harsh conditions, coupled with natural single crystal diamond resources are limited, the price is very expensive, so they use a production PCD, PCD / CC and CVD diamond tools. Some natural single crystal diamond is mainly used for ultra-precision machining non-ferrous metals or gold jewelry production. Synthetic single crystal diamond the size, shape and performance are in good agreement, polycrystalline diamond to high pressure technology matures, a certain size can be prepared by synthetic single crystal diamond, especially in the processing of high wear-resistant laminated wood, it performance than PCD diamond cutting edge will not cause premature passivated.Synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and synthetic polycrystalline diamond and carbide composite blade (PCD / CC)PCD is at high temperature (about 1800 ℃), pressure (5 ~ 6MPa), the use of cobalt and other metal binding agent to a number of polycrystalline diamond crystal powder polycrystalline material, although slightly lower than the hardness of a single crystal diamond, but it is randomly oriented diamondsynthetic diamond, is isotropic, as can be arbitrarily oriented cutting tool sharpening, no natural diamond that must be selected as the best cleavage plane as a rake. In cutting, the cutting edge is very sensitive for accidental damage, wear resistance is also strong, long stay sharp cutting edge, can be used when machining high cutting speed and larger cutting depth (to eat deep) , life is generally higher than the WC-based cemented carbide cutting tools 10 to 500 times, and because the metal binding agent PCD has conductivity, making PCD easy to cut to shape, and is a rich source of raw materials, the price is only a few tenth of natural diamond a fraction of the ten have become traditions WC-based cemented carbide cutting tools, high-performance alternatives. PCD inserts to improve the toughness and weldability in the cemented carbide substrate, sintered or pressed on the surface of 0.5 ~ 1mm thick layer of the composition of PCD diamond composite blade (PCD / CC). PCD / CC welding or machine folder available way of making knives. Due to its good weldability, regrinding easy, low cost, and therefore widely used. Hereupon, PCD and PCD / CC sharp cutting edge of the tool and are not as good surface quality single crystal diamond, while its workability is poor, the grinding ratio is small, it is difficult according to the geometry of any shape head, still not easy to abrasive grinding with chipbreakers indexable end mills and other geometric shapes and complex products.CVD diamondCVD diamond is a diamond material of high wear resistance of pure, non-binding agent, which is at low pressure (<0.1MPa) prepared under. CVD diamond films are coated CVD (CD) and CVD thick (TFD) forms. CD is a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) process, the carbide substrate (K type alloy used) is deposited to a thickness of about 10 ~ 30μm, composed of a polycrystalline diamond film is made. Matrix is ​​made easy due to complex shapes, it applies to the complex geometry of the tool, such as taps, drills, end mills and band chipbreakers indexable inserts and so on. International instruments the market have a CD tool products, such as the Swedish Sandvik's CD1810 and the United States Kennametal's KCD25, mainly for non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials, high-speed precision machining, tool life than uncoated carbide tools increased nearly tenfold or even several times. However, the tool is not suitable for processing of metal a CD-based composite materials, composite materials because of hard particles in a very short time there will be a coating worn tool surface, so even though the price of CD tool to be lower than the same PCD tools, However, the diamond film and the adhesion between the base material is small, so limiting its wide application.